What are the fire-resistant properties of a metal and glass curtain wall system?

Fire performance of a curtain wall system is managed through a combination of component selection, compartmentation strategies and compliance with local codes—critical for towers and commercial buildings across the Middle East. Fire-resistant glazing options (rated fire glass, wired laminated assemblies or insulated fireproof units) can maintain integrity for specified durations and limit heat and flame penetration between compartments. In metal frame systems, firestops and cavity barriers are installed at floor lines, spandrels and service penetrations to prevent vertical and horizontal spread of smoke and flame through the curtain wall cavity. Thermal breaks in aluminum frames do not inherently provide fire resistance, so designers specify intumescent seals, fire-rated mullions, or non-combustible spandrel constructions where required by Saudi, UAE or Qatar regulations. Firestopping is integrated at junctions between the curtain wall and structural slab, and around window vents and doors to preserve compartmentation. Pressure-equalized curtain wall designs can reduce the risk of smoke infiltration under certain conditions, but active systems—smoke vents, sprinklers and automated dampers—remain critical for overall building safety. For high-rise projects in Dubai or Jeddah, third-party fire testing and certification of the specific curtain wall assembly (including glazing, anchors and perimeter fire sealants) is standard practice to prove compliance with regional standards and insurance requirements. Proper detailing, tested materials and coordination with life-safety systems ensure a metal-glass curtain wall contributes to a robust fire protection strategy rather than creating an unprotected cavity.